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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to three American scientists: John Clark, Michel H. Devore, and John M. Martinis. The award was presented for the discovery of macroscopic quantum-mechanical tunneling and energy quantization in electric circuits. The announcement was made by representatives of the Nobel Committee at the ceremony, according to gazeta.ru.
Quantum mechanics allows a particle to pass through a barrier through a process called tunneling. When large numbers of particles are involved, quantum mechanical effects typically become negligible. The laureates' experiments demonstrated that quantum mechanical properties can be reproduced on a macroscopic scale.
In 2024, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for their research in the field of machine learning of neural networks.